1.- Cell: The fundamental component of all living organisms . Biological unit. The humam cells have a membrane made of fat - protein - fat.
2.- Fiber: non-digested (especially plant) material such as cellulose, lignin, etc. Though not generally regarded as a dietary essential, fiber nevertheless has beneficial effects on digestion. Through its bulking action, it promotes good mechanical functioning of the digestive tract; by a speeding action, it reduces the transit time for intestinal contents and therefore the time available for bacteria to produce possible carcinogens; by binding bile salts it increases the turnover of the bile salt pool and thus promotes excretion of cholesterol through increased conversion of cholesterol to bile acids. Fiber may, however, decrease absorption of certain nutrients, such as iron and calcium.
3.- Water: requirement is highly variable. It functions as a solvent for components of blood and tissues, and as a medium for excretion of wastes. Another important use is in regulation of body temperature.
4.- Recommended Dietary Allowance: It is the amount of a nutrient which, if consumed by every member of population and will keep nearly everyone in good health. Since people vary greatly in their dietary requirements, no one figure is applicable to all. The RDA is based on an average requirement ( which may not be Known with precision), two standard deviation are added and often a safety factor besides, so that it is a generous excess for most. Detailed tables may be subdivided according to gender, age,etc. It should not be confused with a minimum requirement.
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